最新刊期
期 39 ， 1997
- 摘要：Based on the features of limited sea areas and scale analysis methods, the orders of every term in the mesoscale meteorological models are estimated, and at the same time a wind field model of limited sea area is developed, for numerical simulation of marine dynamics phenomena such as waves tides and storm surges, particularly for application to forecasting of marine dynamical characteristics. Furthermore, the initialization methods for the wind field forecast were improved and the model was applied to Bohai sea for forecasting examination. The simulated results showed some details never obtained before and agreed well with observational data. The model has been used for forecasting of combine wave-tide-surge.关键词：wind field,limited sea area
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：A newly developed coupled sea ice-mixed layer-isopycnal numerical model including dynamics and thermodynamics was applied to study the ice-ocean interaction in the region of Prydz Bay. The model has an initial field based on observed data and all the simulated fields are driven by the wind and buoyancy fields from the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS). The east and west open boundaries are connected according to the cyclic boundary technique. The grid size is changeable in order to obtain enough resolution in the study area. The simulated circulation agreed well with that obtained from satellite data and from dynamic height calculations. The seasonal variation of the simulated sea ice cover and thickness showed an obvious annual cycle.关键词：ce-ocean interaction,Prydz Bay,model
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The basic features of the circulation and its seasonal variations in the region of Prydz Bay were studied by using a coupled sea ice-ocean numerical model with isopycnal layering. The simulated results show that a continuous westward current as a part of the Antarctic Coastal Current along the shelf break, exists all the year round, and is mainly driven by an easterly wind. However, it cannot be clearly shown in the traditional dynamic topography map. It is very probable that the current has a strong barotropic component. In the region north of Prydz Bay, blocked by the Kerguelen Plateau, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current turns southward and shows a remarkable non-zonal component. The features of circulation and upwellings/downwellings in the study region are also described for the first time.关键词：ce-ocean interaction,Prydz Bay,circulation
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Analysis of measured data from five buoys emplaced in the southern Yellow Sea by a joint China and USA investigation team during November,1983 revealed the characteristics of current and water temperature variations there, and the highly sensitive response of residual current to the strong winds of a cold wave. Strong north wind forcing on the surface, induce strong southward residual currents at the every buoy station. During a weak wind period between two successive strong old waves, wind whatever direction always induced about 5-15cm/s northward residual currents. Strong cold wave in the west part of the southern Yellow Sea caused the sea surface level to be high in the south and low in the north. The measured maximum sea surface slope was 1.0×10+M952, During cold waves the dropping rate in the water temperature in the upper homogenous layer was thrice the averaged value in measurement periods. It was found that the heat loss of the water column was maximum at the boundary of the cold water mass. From the distributions of temperature and salinity and the heat lost the authors consider that the water will upwell along the boundary of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass in the late autumn as in summer.关键词：southern Yellow Sea,temperature variations,strong winds of a cold wave in the late autumn
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Use of data on suspended matter in Jiazhou Bay seawater from February 1994 to November 1995, February 1997 to November 1998(16 times investigation) to analyze the horizontal distributions and the seasonal variation of suspended matter showed that the content of suspended matter decreased gradually from the north of the bay to the outside the bay. The highest content of suspended matter was 20 mg/L near the mouth of the Daguhe River, high contents varied from 5 mg/L to 15 mg/L in the middle part of the bay from 3 mg/L to 5 mg/L outside the bay. The seasonal variations of suspended matter were highest in spring, lowest in summer, in-between in autumn and winter. The horizontal distribution of suspended matter was similar to that of particulate organic carbon in the bay. Tide and wave are the main factors affecting the distributions of suspended matter.关键词：Jiazhou Bay, suspended matter ,distributions and the seasonal variation
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：In this study on the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, silicon, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B12 and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTANa2) on the growth and contents of total lipid and EPA of Chlorella sp-2, inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, chelated iron, EDTANa2, and Vitamin B1,B12 mixture were supplemented in various combinations and concentrations according to an L16(44x23) orthogonal table. The results indicated that nitrogen and phosphorus supplementations have very significant effects on the growth and contents of total lipid and EPA of Chlorella sp-2. Growth, total lipid and EPA content of the algae in different culture media varied very much. Based on the observation of growth, total lipid and EPA content, we conclude that the optimal medium contents are as follows: N,1.0 mmol/L; P, 0.015 mmol/L; Fe, 0.002 mmol/; Si, 0 mmol/L; Vitamin B1, 0(ppm); Vitamin B12, 0(ppm) and EDTANa2,0 mmol/L.关键词：Chlorella,growth and contents,total lipid and EPA
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Auxins are phytohormones, which have been shown to be involved in a great number of diverse plant growth phenomena, such as ovary growth, cambial activity, production of ethylene, and effect on the cell wall. Numerous researches show that auxins also exist in algae and play functional roles in their growth and development. Based on the research results in China and abroad, this article systematically introduces the studies on algae auxins, on their contents, distribution, chemical structures, physiological responses, origin and metabolism. The techniques of their isolation, identification and measurement are also reviewed in this paper. Generally speaking, the chemical components of auxins in algae are indol acetic acid (IAA) and indol acetic acid-like substances. The distribution of auxins in algae varies with the species, growth stages, position in algae, and their forms. Bioassay systems are not specific enough to eliminate false positive results, and chemical identifications are far from conclusive because of their low concentration. Unambiguous and definitive identifications must be made by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).关键词：auxins,algae
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Healthy amphioxi with 4cm average body length were selected, divided into three groups: female group, male group, and female plus male group (female: male=1:1), and cultured from 8 July 1996 to 11 August 1997. It was found that (1) Majority of the animals in all the three groups formed fully- developed gonads; (2) Amphioxi in both female and male groups failed to spawn during the breeding season, but those in the female plus male group spawned as their field counterparts; (3) Fertilized eggs from the female plus male group developed normally. Apparently, complete separation of the female from the male did not influence the gonadal development but influenced the spawning. Possibly, spawning in the amphioxi might involve sex pheromonal control.关键词：Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense,spawnin\early embryogenesis
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The results of the studies indicated that the ovary maturation of the female prawn, Penaeus vannamei, can be promoted to various extent by several measures including keeping the water temperature at 26℃ and illuminance at 200lx, eyestalk extermination and feeding a mixture diet consisting of shellfish meat and alive clamworm. The ovary maturity rates of the treatments of eyestalk extermination feeding a mixture diet, illuminance control are 32.4%, 21.8% and 13.5% respectively, all higher than that of the controls. But the combination of all the above measures was much more effective than every single one, it promoted the ovary maturity rate up to 92.1% in the experiment of 45 days. The mechanism of the promoting effect was analysed and discussed.关键词：Penaeus vannamei,ovary maturity rate,
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper reported that a bacteria was isolated from the Mugic so--iug Basilewsky of hemorrhagic septicaemia and contirmed pathogenetic bacteria by artificial infection. The strain was abserved by morphological. TEM and this biochemical characteristics were also tested. According to Bergey’s Manual of systematic Bacteriology this isolate was identified as Aermouas hydrophlia. The major characteristics of this strain were rod-shaped body, Gram-negative, monopolar flagellum. The biochemical characteristics of the strain were that oxidizing enzyme and Catalase was positive; Vp test was negative; glucose were fermented but gum sugar were not done; His decarboxylase and Arg decarboxylase were negative et al. else.关键词：Mugic so--iug Basilewsky,hemorrhagic septicaemia,Aeromonas hydrophlia
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Methods for high production breeding, brood crab culture, seedling setting and larva culture, were studied. The key step was to decrease seawater density gradually to 1.014 at the stage of larva and brood crab culture. The water for offspring setting was sterilized with NaCLO and then neutralized with NaS2O3. The larva density in the pond was set to about 200,000/m3. At this stage the unicellular algae concentration was about 300,00-400,000cell/ml(diatom) and 80,000cell/ml (platymonas spp.) From then on, different antibiotics were used (terramycin, Chloramphenicol Weidao in turn) every day. The brood crabs were cultured in ponds at the intertidal zone or in culture area shallow waters, so that the embryo development. This experiment-yielded are effective way to delay embryo development. The output in megalopa larva was about 700kg in 1200m3 water and production per cubic meten water was 0.59kg/m3. The survial rate from acanthosoma to mega lopa larva reached 31.4%.关键词：Eriocheur Sinensis,breeding
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper reports results of the authors’ study on community structure, seasonal and annual variations of jellyfishes in Jiaozhou Bay based on 1980 to 1998 investigations data. So far totally 62 species were found, among which 14 species were first recorded in Jiaozhou Bay. Of the 62 species, 56 belong to Hydromedusea, 4 Syphomedusea, and 2 Ctenophora. Most of these Medusea and Ctenophores are low salinity and wide temperature types, a few are high salinity and high temperature types. The dominant species was Obelia in spring were Phialidium, Eirene, Muggiaea atlantica, and Zanclea costata etc. In summer. Jellyfishes could seldom be collected in winter. The species abundance of jellyfish in Jiaozhou Bay was usually highest in June and July and quite high in autumn, but low in winter and spring. Analysis of annual variations showed that jellyfish species abundance decreased dramatically from 80s to 90s.关键词：Jiaozhou Bay,Jellyfish,community structure
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Seasonal and inter-annual changes in species composition and abundance of jellyfishes and their relationship with environmental factors in Jiaozhou Bay were studied based on the data collected from 1980 to 1998. The seasonal variation in abundance shows that there were generally two peaks. The first one, usually the highest, occurs in spring and the second occurs in summer. Water temperature seems to be the main factor which controls the seasonal variation in abundance of jellyfishes. The density of jellyfishes inside the bay was higher than that of outside the bay from March to August, but the situation was opposite from October to February next year. September is the transition month. Their horizontal distribution was affected by salinity when salinity was higher than 32‰. The jellyfishes density decreased obviously as salinity increased, since most of the jellyfishes species in Jiaozhou Bay are neritic. There seems to be a trend that the bio-diversity and abundance of jellyfishes in Jiaozhou Bay decreased from 1980’s to 1990’s.关键词：Jiaozhou Bay,Jellyfish,species composition and abundance
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The present paper deals with the species of the genera Engina and Cantharus from Chinese coasts. The materials used in this study were collected by the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science in the past years. Of the following 14 species of genera Engina and Cantharus identified, 5 species (with asterisk) are the first records from China. 1. Engina pulchra (Reeve, 1846) 2. Engina mendicaria (Linnaeus, 1758) 3. Engina zonalis (Lamarck, 1822) 4. Engina lineata (Reeve, 1846) *5. Engina armillata (Reeve, 1846) 6. Engina curtisiana (smith, 1884) *7. Engina obliquicostata (Reeve, 1846) *8. Engina lanceolata (Kuroda Habe, 1971) 9. Engina contracta (Reeve, 1846) 10. Cantharus cecillei (Philippi, 1844) 11. Cantharus (Pollia) fumosus (Dillwyn, 1817) 12 Cantharus (Pollia) undosus (Linnaeus, 1758) *13. Cantharus (Pollia) eximius (Reeve, 1846) *14. Cantharus (Prodotia) iostomus (Gray, in Griffith & Pidgeon,1834) Many of the species listed above are found to occur in the South China Sea, most of them are mainly distributed in the Xisha Is., Hainan Island and Taiwan Province, two of them are distributed as far north as Fujian and Zhejiang, only one species is commonly distributed along the Chinese coasts.关键词：Chinese coasts,Buccinidae,Engina,Cantharus
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This Part I of a study on Chinese Serpulidae involving 28 species belonging to the genus Hydroides, one species is new to science and 14 species are recorded for the first time from Chinese waters. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Qingdao. These marked with an asterisk are recorded for the first time from China (see list in the Chinese of this paper).关键词：Chinese coasts,Buccinidae,Serpulidae
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The present paper reports on Genus Photis (Amphipoda: Corophiidae) collected from the South China Sea. Four species were identified, one new, and one reported for the first time from Chinese Coast waters. The type materials of the new species are deposited in the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Oceanology, in Qingdao.关键词：Genus Photis,Crustacea,Amphipoda
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The present paper deals with Colubrariidae(Mollusca: Prosobranchia) collected from the China coast by the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academia of Sciences in the past years. Of the 7 following identified species belonging to 2 genera, 2 are considered as new species and 1 is first recorded in China (Marked with asterick).关键词：Colubrariidae,new species
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper reports the fining of 26 digenetic trematodes of marine fishes collected from Hainan Island, during autumn (October-November) in 1990 and spring (March-April) in 1992. These 26 species of trematodes were not recorded in the book “Parasite digenetic trematodes from marine fishes in Hainan Island”. Four of the 26 species are considered to be new to science, and are described here. All the measurements are in millimeters but ova in microns. The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences in Qingdao.关键词：Hainan Island,Parasite digenetic trematodes
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The circulation of the Japan/East Sea (hereafter JES) is a central problem of physical oceanography. Uda (1934) gave the first schematic surface current chart for this area. Moriyasu (1972) summarized the general hydrographic features of the JES. Yoon (1982 a-c) and Kawabe (1982 a,b) pioneered research on the JES circulation was focused on the path of the Tsushima Current. After then, many numerical simulations of the JES circulation were reported. The formation of the East Korean Warm current (EKWC) is one of the most important problem in the JES circulation Some early investigators (Yon, 1982a; Kawabe, 1982b; Kang, 1988; etc.) suggested that the EKWC is a western boundary current induced the planetary β-effect. Their results showed the EKWC is a permanent current. It is very strange that the EKWC did not appear at all in 1981 (Kim and Legeckis,1986). So it is necessary to study further the driving force of the EKWC. In this study, a Princeton Ocean Model (known as POM97) was employed to simulate the circulation in the JES. The open boundary inflow and outflow conditions with realistic water depth in the numerical model are first set. Then, several experiments with artificial topography were made to test how the topography affects the circulation pattern in the JES.关键词：East Korean Warm current (EKWC),driving mechanisms
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：As marine algae can very efficiently accumulate almost all of the elements (especially trace elements Such as iron, zinc, and iodine), studies on their element contents have a long history. Many analytical techniques including AES (Fan, et al., 1988, 1995), AAS (Ito, et al., 1987. 1988; Rao et al., 1989; Fan, et al., 1993) and NAA (Kawashima, et al., 1983) have been tried to determine the content and seasonal variations of inorganic elements in marine algae. Recently, more attention has been paid to fast and non-destructive analytical techniques, which can deepen the studies on chemical state analysis of elements (such as arsenic and iodine) and on the bioavailability of iron and calcium, sulfur or bromine containing organic compounds like fucoidans and bromophenols (Nisizawa, et al., 1979; Nisizawa, 1989; Oishi, 1993). In this work, the authors tried a new non-destructive and fast analytical method to study the element composition in 22 species of marine algae.关键词：marine algae,X-ray fluorescence spectra
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Seaweeds can efficiently accumulate almost all the elements in seawater, and serve as good experimental material for elemental analysis. Undaria pinnatifida Suringar, a favorite edible alga, can form distinctive reproductive organs, i.e. sporophylls (Chihara, 1975; Chapman and Chapman, 1973). Sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida is believed to have great potential for enhancing human health and regarded as potent folklore medicine (Nisizawa, 1989). Some experimental data proved that sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida is beneficial as cancer-preventive and cardiovascular protective agents (Furusawa and Furusawa, 1985; Oishi, 1993 ). Elements accumulated in the sporophyll can explain the physiological bioactivities of the sporophyll. So it is interesting to know the special elements and their localization in the sporophyll. X-ray analytical microscopy, a rapid and visual method for analysis of elemental composition, can provide an X-ray transmission image of a sample and fluorescent X-ray analysis of elemental mapping at the same time (Hosokawa, 1995). Using such a non-destructive technique, the distribution of certain elements can be observed from the formed imaged directly if the element is high enough to show a clear image. Here, the authors report the results of their study on the location of major elements such as potassium and calcium in the sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida.关键词：marine algae,X-ray ,undaria pinnatifida Suringar,sporophyll
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Halogens are known to be accumulated in all kinds of marine algae and through halogen peroxidases, chloride, bromine and iodine can be assimilated as organic compounds by the same mechanism (Vilter, 1984; soedjdak et al., 1990) Although a number of bromine-containing organic compounds are found in various red algae (e. g. Blackman et al., 1982; Weinstein, 1975; Chantraine et al., 1973; Pedersen et al., 1974; Craigie et al., 1967), it has not still been well studied in brown algae, as shown by the very few reports on this subject(Koch et al., 1982). The metabolic role and physiological importance of the bromine-containing compounds in seaweeds is poorly understood, although there were some speculations on these compounds’ antialgal, antibacterial and growth promotion activities (Pedersen et al., 1974; Nisizawa et al., 1979). Attention was recently paid on the role of volatile organic bromine compounds playing their potential effects on the upper atmosphere and environment (Muosmaa et al., 1990). The bromo-compounds in marine algae should be under further investigated to elucidate the production pathway and ecological cycle of bromine in the excreta and huge biomass of marine algae. In this paper, describes a new method, guided by X-ray analytical microscope to fractionate and isolate the organic bromine compounds in Sargassum fusiformis, is described.关键词：marine algae,X-ray ,Sargassum fusiformis,bromine-containing compounds
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发布时间：2023-04-28
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