最新刊期
期 39 ， 1997
- 摘要：The formation and evolution of the sectional temperature distribution, thermal front and thermocline in the Yellow Sea during the April to August warming period were simulated with a two-dimensional model. Numerical hindcast experiments were made in five main sections of the Yellow Sea. The hindcast temperature at surface and bottom layers, the thermocline depth and the position of the thermal front at the bottom agreed with measured data. The distribution of temperature and the evolution of stratification were well reproduced by the model. Stations with hindcasted temperature errors less than 2℃ and 1. 5℃ made up 84% and 72% of the total respectively, and the positions of tidal fronts with hindcasted error less than 45km made up 92% of the total. It is shown that the simulation taken with the model is successful and the model may be used to prognostic the thermal front and sectional distribution of temperature of the Yellow Sea.关键词：Yellow Sea,NUMERICAL SIMULATION,SECTIONAL DISTRIBUTION,TEMPERATURE FRONT
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper reports results of study on the wave groups in the west of the Bohai Sea by statistical analysis, using data from wave observation records on an oil platform in that area.The analysis showed that, in the west of the Bohai Sea, wave groups average length 1. 56 waves; that in average, 9. 95 waves reappear; and that the length of a wave group including the maximum wave can reach 7 waves, average length of 2.03 waves. Comparison of the above results with those observed in Jiaozhou Bay, Lianyungang Bay etc, and results obtained from Rayleigh distribution and Weibull distribution that the average length of wave groups in the west of the Bohai Sea is larger than that observed in Jiaozhou Bay and Lianyungang Bay, and even larger than the calculated lenth. The average reappearance length of wave groups are less than those observed in Jiaozhou Bay and Lianyungang Bay.关键词：BOHAI SEA,WAVE GROUP
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The paper presents results of analysis of observed data on wind wave spectra in the Huanghe River Delta offshore area. An empirical wind wave spectrum was fitted with a standard spectral form in common use. Comparison of the standard and observed spectra showed good agreement for the studied sea area. Introduction of a water depth parameter into wind wave spectra with three parameters, yielded this paper’s theoretical wind wave spectra suitable for both finite and infinite water depth. This paper integrates spectra parameters with wind wave characteristics, so that if wave characteristics are known, wind wave spectra can be estimated. The theoretical spectra agreed with measured spectra for different water depth.关键词：WIND WAVE SPECTRA,HUANGHE RIVER DELTA OFFSHORE AREA
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：In this work, the form, high temperature center, and heat content of the Tropical Western Pacific Warm Pool were analyzed based on SST data and observations along Sections 137°E, 155°E and 165°E, and the relations of the warm pool’s area to the Southern Oscillation (SO) and to the Subtropical High over the West Pacific(SH) were studied. The results showed that the inter-annual variations of the warm pool’s form, high temperature center and heat content all related to the abnormality of the large scale air-sea system in the Tropical Western Pacific. There are close relations between the warm pool’s area and SO and the area index of SH. Although they have the same main period of 46.7 month, their variations differ in phase: the warm pool’s area variation lags 2, 3 months that of SO but leads by 3, 5 months that of the area index of SH.关键词：TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC WARM POOL,SOUTHERN OSCILLATION,SUBTROPICAL HIGH OVER THE WEST PACIFIC
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Hydrographical data from the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (NARE) from 1990 to 1993, were used in this study on some features of the interannual variations of water masses and circulations in the region of Prydz Bay, Antarctica. The results showed that in January, 1991 the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) could possibly intrude onto the continental shelfbreak and be mixed with a high salinity shelf water mass ( HSSW); that the mixed water could produce the Prydz Bay Bottom Water (PBBW) within Prydz Bay as termed by Middleton et al. (1989); and that for the rest, PBBW could not be detected. It was also found that the distribution of the Antarctic Coastal Current and the location of the Antarctic Divergence in the region of Prydz Bay had significant spatiotemporal variability which caused some unstable eddies off Prydz Bay.关键词：SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATIONS, WATER MASSES AND CIRCULATIONS, REGION OF PRYDZ BAY, ANTARCTICA
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Historical hydrologic and sedimentation data and those from recent years coastal investigations in the north part of Jiangsu coast were used in this study on the formation and evolution processes of silty coast and offshore tidal sand ridges. The result showed that the sediment discharged from the paleo-yangtze and paleo-huanghe Rivers laid the foundation of the silty coast and offshore tidal sand ridges of Jiangsu. The rapid extension of the coastline seaward and combination with pre-1855 A. D. sand banks left insufficient time for developing tidal current transport sediments, so, only the primary radial form of the tidal sand ridges (sand banks) were gradually formed. After the Huanghe River moved northward in 1855 A.D, this sediment source cut off, the influence of tidal current on Jiangsu coast sediment is strengthened. Typical radial tidal sand ridges coast and offshore tidal sand ridges are actually the new balance between hydrology and sedimentation influenced by tidal currents and waves during the period of stormy weather and their recovery.关键词：HYDRAULIC DYNAMICAL, NORTHERN JIANGSU COAST, DELTAIC SAND BANKS
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Records of the shallow layer profiler in the comprehensive survey of the South Yellow Sea in 1993 and regional drilling bores and cores data were used in this work which studied the shelf shallow stratum depositional structure of the Holocene and late Pleistocene, identified the paleogeomorphic and sediment types at that time, and revealed the paleogeomorphic features of the South Yellow Sea shelf in the last stage of late Pleistocene. The records of the shallow layer profiler showed that the desertized area was characterized by widespread buried dune, aeolian nonclined sandy texture, aeolian depression and platform. The different shelf desertizational sediment types can be divided into aeolian sandy sediments, and mixed accumulation and aeolian dust deposits around the desertization area. The research results indicated that the South Yellow Sea shelf underwent desertication under the cold-dry climatic conditions in the last stage of late Pleistocene and formed a series of the aeolian landforms and sediments.关键词：PALEOGEOMORPHIC FEATURES,SOUTH YELLOW SEA SHELE, LAST STAGE OF LATE PLEISTOCENE
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This research on the geochemical characteristic of paleoriver channel sediment, using X ray fluorescent spectrum，and on the contents of K. Ca, Fe, Mn, Cr, V Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr. Y and Ba in the fine particles (?＜0.063mm) of the Late Pleistocene section of the sediment of 4 core samples obtained from the paleoriver channel of the Huanghai Sea and Bohai Sea area was conducted to gain knowledge on the sources of the sediment. The results showed that the geochemical characteristics of the paleo-huanghe River, Paleo-changjiang River and paleo-yalujiang River sediments were different; that the abundance and ratios of some elements in the paleosediment were similar to those of the recent Huanghe River sediment, which meant that the Huanghe River is the main source of the paleoriver sediment in the studied area.关键词：HUANGHAI SEA,BOHAI SEA,BURIED PALEORIVER CHANNEL AREA,GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The Okinawa Trough which lies at the southeast margin of the East China Sea is an active back-arc rift and is a part of the Ryukyu T-A-BA system. Many geological and geophysical studies reveal that the Okinawa Trough has extremely high heat flow, very strong submarine hydrothermal activity, very frequent earthquake, very strong volcanic erption,central graben and well developed active fault, thin crust, and thin lithosphere. Up to now, most investigations have been carried out in the Middle and South Okinawa Trough, very few in the North. Most Scientists think the activity is strong in the Middle and South,but weak in the North. The authors'structural and tectonic analyses of the North Okinawa Trough, based on a great deal of geological and geophysical data, yielded some conclusions as follows:关键词：NORTH OKINAWA TROUGH,TECTONIC ACTIVITY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This study on the effects of anodic dissolution on the mechanical behaviour of austenitic stainless steel in acidic chloride solution showed that anodic dissolution increased the creep rate and decreased the yield strength. Analysis by thermal activation theory of deformation showed that the logarithm of creep rate and the reciprocal of yield strength both have linear relationship with the logarithm of anodic current. This finding agrees with the experimental results.关键词：ANODIC DISSOLUTION, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL,ACIDIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION, MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The effects of hydrogen in SCC(Stress Corrosion Cracking )by electrochemical method,transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray diffraction were studied. The results showed that hydrogen can diffuse into the metal and induces martensite phase transformation.Howewer the martensite was not formed at the crack tip but on the side wall of the crack, so the possibility of crack propagation caused by martensite breakdown is low. Although hydrogen probably did not play the main role in the SCC of stainless steel, the anodic dissolution was increased by it.关键词：HYDROGEN,SCC,AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL,ACIDIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Data on the phase composition of the rust layers on A3 steel in seawater and seamud obtained with the methods of electrically-connectedly hanging plates (ECHP) and individually hanging plates (IHP)was analyzed by Mossbauer spectroscopy, for comparison with that on A3 steel in the corresponding zone at sea. In simulated conditions indoor, the rust layers on A3 steel in ECHP and IHP were composed of β-FeOOH and (FeM)2O3 in seawater, β-FeOOH in seamud. At sea, the rust layers on A3 steel were composed of α-FeOOH β-FeOOH, α-Fe3O4 (A) and α-Fe3O4 (B)in seawater, α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, α-Fe3O4 (A), α-Fe3O4 (B)and α-FeO in seamud.关键词：MOSSBAUER SPECTRA, A3 STEEL, RUST LAYER
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Analysis of the phase composition of the rust layers of A3 and 16Mn steel in seawater and seamud by Mossbauer spectroscopy showed that in the same environment, the phase composition and amount are different. The amount of β-FeOOH of the outer rust layer on A3 and 16Mn steel in seawater-and seamud is less than that of the inner rust layer, but the amount of Fe3O4 of the outer layer is more than that of the inner layer. The amount of FeOOH on A3 steel in seawater is more than that in seamud. The amount of β-FeOOH on 16Mn steel in seawater is also more than that in seamud. The amount of α-FeO on 16Mn in seamud is more than that on A3 steel.关键词：MOSSBAUER SPECTRA, A3 AND 16 Mn STEEL, RUST LAYER
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Of 65 species of Mysidacea previously reported from the South China Sea by the present author, 46 species were collected from the northern part. The present paper reports results of further study of the materials collected from the northern South China Sea in the area 17°00′-23°00'N, 108°00′-117°30′E covered by the 1958-60 National Comprehensive Oceanographic Survey. Of 12 new and rare species belonging to 2 families and 9 genera are reported, 10 are new to science, 2 are recorded for the first time from Chinese coast of the South China Sea. Two new genera Liuimysis and Shenimysis are established to accept the new species Liuimysis longicauda and Shenimysis cordata. The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academia of Sciences (Qingdao). The twelve species are listed below：关键词：South China Sea,Mysidacea
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The vertical fluxes, vertical transformation forms and the controlling factors of rare earth elements in the coral reef ecosystem of Nansha Islands waters, South China Sea, were studied in 1993 to 1994 by using sediment trap and neutron active analysis. The main results were as follows: La has the highest vertical flux, accounting for 90% of the total flux of rare earth elements. The second is Nd or Ce. The vertical fluxes of rare earth elements are higher in Yongshu reef than in Zhubi reef. The transformations of light rare earth elements is easier than those of heavy rare earth elements. The main transformation forms of rare earth elements in Yongshu reef are carbonate, exchangeable-ion and Fe-Mn oxides,accounting for 73%, 11.3% and 10.3%, respectively. Organic matter+Sulfide and silicate amounted to 2.4% and 2. 37%, respectively. Carbonate and organic matter+sulfide are the main vertical removal forms of light rare earth elements. Fe-Mn oxides and silicate are the main vertical removal forms of heavy rare earth elements. Biogeochemical Process, distribution of biocoenose and geographic location of coral reef etc. are the main controlling factors of vertical transformation of rare earth elements in the coral reef ecosystem of Nansha Islands waters, South China Sea.关键词：VERTICAL TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES,CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM, RARE EARTH ELEMENTS, NANSHA ISLANDS WATERS
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Silver salt spectroscopy of seaweeds samples collected from the Qingdao coast from March to August, 1996 showed that mature Laminaria japonica contains about 10.0 μg/g fresh weight of total arsenic; that arsenic content varies greatly within the same frond; that at the center tending to be higher than that at the marginal part. At the frond base, arsenic contents are about three times those at the top. This distribution characteristic relates to the plant metabolism. The more active metabolism some parts of seaweed have, the more arsenic they accumulate.Arsenic contents in Sargassum thunbergii from the Qingdao coast showed clear temporal variations, lowest at the initial stage, highest at maturity. The inorganic percentage in total arsenic showed similar variations. It proved that arsenic contents in seaweed were closely related to its growth cycle. Silver salt spectroscopy is a simple and accurate method of arsenic analysis. On account of its high sensitivity and recovery, it can be regarded as an effective method for determining arsenic in seaweeds.关键词：ARSENIC,SEAWEEDS,SILVER SALT SPECTROSCOPY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Man's use of seaweeds has a history of 2000 years. By the 1990’s, cytokinins had been identified and separated from various seaweeds and commercial seaweeds extracts. Numerous researches showed that cytokinins in seaweeds have very important functional roles as promoters of terrestrial plant growth and of growth and development of seaweeds as endogenous hormones. Cytokinins can accelerate the division and extension of seaweeds cells and the transport of nutrients in cells. This paper results of cytokinins studies, on their contents, distribution, chemical structure and metabolization, bioactive function in seaweeds, including their application to seaweeds and to crops. The methods for extraction and determination of cytokinins are checked and reported also. Cytokinins exist in terrestrial and aquatic plants and are phytohormones. The content of cytokinins in seaweeds vary with the growth stage, species, position in seaweeds, and lunar periodicity. The chemical components of cytokinins in plant fall roughly into four kinds:purines, modified purines, urea (and amide)and aminopyrimidine. Most of them are derivatives of the purine ring with a replaced group at the fifth"C"site. At present, two major approaches have been directed at establishing the presence and possible roles of endogenous cytokinins in seaweeds. They are a) extraction, chromatography and bioassay and b) study of the physiological responses of seaweeds to applications of cytokinins. There has been seven bioassays of cytokinins, in which the cucumber cotyledons method has proved to be more effective. Moreover this method can be combined with chemical assays and become a conventional method for identification of cytokinins activity.关键词：Cytokinins,seaweeds
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Seven marine microalgae species (Isochrysis galbana 3011, I. galbana 3018, I. galbana 3009, Pavlova viridis 3012, Nitzschia closterium 2034, Phaeodactylum tricornutum 2038 and Chlorella sp.) widely used as live feed in aquaculture, were laboratory cultured separately under identical culture conditions for two weeks, and then analyzed for the compositions of lipids and fatty acids in them. The total lipid contents of the algae (excepting N. closterium ) were ＞10%，and the highest (26.6%) one was in I. galbana 3009. The polar lipid contents in the total lipids were 27.2%-66.5%, and the n3-polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were 29.3%-61.3% of total fatty acids.关键词：polyunsaturated fatty acids,microalgae , composition of lipids
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This study of the effects of culture conditions (season, salinity, growth period, culture medium ) on lipid and fatty acid composition of Isochrysis galbana 3011 showed: (1) Total lipid and DHA contents in the algae increased with decreasing temperature; (2)Too high and too low salinity slowed production of total lipid and DHA, suitable salinity was 2.5%-3.0%; (3) Total lipid and DHA contents in the exponential growth period were much higher than that in the static period; (4) Total lipid and DHA content of the algae growing in different culture medium varied very much, and the optimal medium for growth of the algae was:N, 2.0 mmol/L; P, 0.05mmol/L: Fe, 0.002 mmol/L; Si, 0 mmol/L; and C, 0 mmol/L.关键词：PUFA,polyunsaturated fatty acids,microalgae , Isochrysis galbana 3011,culture conditions
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This study on the transfer of lipids and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from three microagae, Isochrysis galbana 3011, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Chlorella sp, to Artemia silina showed that the polar lipid ratio in total lipid of the Artemia fed the microalgae ( excepting Chlorella sp, )increased, and that the neutral lipid ratio decreased; that 18: 3(n-3), 18:4(n-3) and 20: 5(n-3)levels in total fatty acids varied with that in the microalgae (excepting Chlorella sp.)too, and that 22: 6(n-3) was not accumulated in the Artemia, Perhaps because the Chlorella sp. cell wall was too thick for the Artemia to digest. The compositions of lipids and fatty acids of the animal fed the microalgae was not much changed.关键词：n3- PUFA,polyunsaturated fatty acids,microalgae ,artemia
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：It is generally conceded that the growth and development of higher plants is regulated by hormones. Auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene have all been identified in plant issues. These endogenously synthesized substances play a functional role in growth, development and morphogenesis of plants.It is of interest to know whether or not those chemicals were already present and functioned as hormones in the more primitive plants such as the algae. The present states of work on plant hormones in algae is reviewed in the paper. All available evidences show that tissues of some red, brown and green seaweeds do contain some recognized plant hormones and that seaweeds apparently use auxin and cytokinin as hormones. More work must be done to determine the hormonal function of gibberellin, abscisic acid and ethylene in algae. It was also emphasized in this paper that a number of improvements in experimental technique are required. For examples, sterile cultures, proper definition of experimental conditions, specific algal bioassays, some suitable hormonal biosynthesis mutants and appropriate algal systems, are prerequisites for comprehensive studies on plant hormones in algae.关键词：plant hormones,algae
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Using factor analysis on quantitative data collected monthly from 1982 to 1985 and seasonal 1992 to 1995 surreys in the Bohai Sea revealed the spatiotemporal patterns of the fish community there. As increasing in species for specific month, number of principal representative components (PRCs )were significantly positively related under cumulated variation for eigenvalues more than 80%(r=0. 9051, df=10, p<0. 001). Seasonal dynamics of species alternation showed that the community was dominated by both warm-temperate and warm water faunistic PRCs which occurred only once the annually.Spatially, stations 19, 20 and 25 in the Bohai Strait ware the most abundant during the cold months (December through April) and from September and October. In other months, the biomass of PRCs was # negatively dependent to the isobath in Liaodong Bay and Laizhou Bay. Station assemblages were overlapped throughout half as the whole Bohai Sea in colder season and more than 1/3 of the Bohai Sea in warmer one. The resulting spatial structures of biomass were due to the fact that many former dominants disappeared because of natural degradation of the ecosystem and anthropogenic impacts on the biological community. The more equal distribution of fewer PRCs, at present, resulted in fewer dominants in the community succession, wider ecological niche, and nearly unique spatial structuring of low biomass.关键词：spatiotemporal patterns,factor analysis,Bohai Sea
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Results of a April, 1991-1995 in Jiaozhou Bay survey on the reproduction of clam Ruditapes philippinarum juveniles show that they can be approximately divided into the spring batch and the autumn batch. The spring batch of juvenile clams comprising about 40%of the population, attained shell length of 8-16mm while the autumn batch of juvenile clams, comprising about 60%and constituting the main replenished population, reached a shell length of 2. 5-7mm. A declining trend of replenished population was observed.关键词：Ruditapes philippinarum,Jiaozhou Bay,reproduction
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Maxillipius rectitelson Ledoyer, 1973: 32, pls. 4, 5: 1986: 819, fig. 320; Thomas, 1996:316. Material: Linchang Reef and Meixia, Hainan Island. 27♂♂, large body 2. 8mm in length; 46♀♀, large body 2. 6mm in length. Collected from littoral zone.8-11, April, 1992. The present female specimens are similar to those described by Ledoyer(1973, 1986).The males were found for the first time by the present author. There are 27 male specimens in my collections. The male body is similar to female in main structures; but sexual dimorphism in the antenna 1 was found in the males. The male antenna 1 is similar to that of Maxillipius commensalis Lowry (See Thomas, 1996),in having a callynophore on the 3rd peduncular article, which could differentiate the Genus Maxillipius from Maxillipides in the family Maxillipiidae. Male antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2, peduncular article 1 longer than wide, terminal margin with short setae; peduncular article 2 slightly short, length subequal to width; peduncular article 3 slender, subequal to twice of peduncular article 2 in length, outer lateral side with an elongate triangular prosses(called callynophore by Thomas), extended to near terminal end of second flagellar article, lateral sides with long aesthetascs;flagellar article 1 elongate, with 5-6 small internal articles; flagellum slender, 23-articulated, each article longer than wide, without aesthetascs. Peduncular article 5 of antenna 2 longer than peduncular article 4, flagellum 15-articulated. The species differs from Maxillipius commensalis Lowry by coxa 2 bearing blunt anterior margin, by the carpus and propodus of gnathopod 1 being broad and short, by the collynophore of male antennal being long and bearing more aesthetascs. The present species is recorded for the first time from China Sea. Distribution South China Sea, Madagascar.关键词：Maxillipius, South China Sea
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发布时间：2023-04-28
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