最新刊期
期 28 ， 1987
- 摘要：The study on the space-time characteristics of the subsurface water heat content fields in the Tropical Western Pacific Warm Pool area showed that the subsurface water heat content fields fluctuate with a large scale abnormal air-sea system. In the study area, the heat content anomaly fields are negtive during El Nino events, but positive during La Nina events. There are relatively close relations between the subsurface water heat content in winter and the precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River or the precipitation in the Huanghe River-Huaihe River area. When the subsurface water heat contents are higher than normal, the precipitation decreases in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River but increases in the Huanghe River-Huaihe River area. and vice versa. The subsurface water heat content in winter is of a contrary interannual variation trend to both indexes of area and indensity of the Western Pacific Subtropical High and its variation period is nearly equal to those of both indexes of Subtropical High.关键词：TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC WARM POOL AREA,SUBSURFACE WATER HEAT CONTENT, ITS RELATION
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Data from July 2-6, 1980 synchronous current observations (with plunging buoy arrays at 4 stations near the northern East China Sea Cold Eddy area ) and from large-scale hydrological observations by the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, were used to analyze the temperature and salinity distribution characteristics, the structures of water masses and currents, and especially the turbulent mixing near the Cold Eddy in the study area. In light of Ertel’s tensor theory for turbulent exchange, the turbulent exchange coefficient and the turbulent mixing ellipse can be obtained according to the method for calculating the turbulent mixing ellipse. The results indicate that. 1.The turbulent mixings are anisotropic, being stronger in the directions of northwest-southeast, or north-south than northeast-southwest or east-west. 2.During the synchronous observation for three days and nights, the turbulent mixings had the weakening tendency day by day. 3.The rotary angles of the standard ellipse obtained by coordinates transformation rotate clockwise with time. In light of the variation characteristics of tidal current distribution in the East China Sea, the above mentioned horizontal turbulent mixings primarily reflect the property of tidal mixings.关键词：HYDROLOGICAL STRUCTURE,SUMMER, COLD EDDY SEA AREA,NORTHERN EAST CHINA SEA
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The Kuroshio and Gulf regions are two hugest marine heating sources in the mid-latitude, the anomaly heating from these two regions has very important effects on the atmospheric circulation of the North Hemisphere. In this study,the relationship of the marine anomaly heating in the Kuroshio and Gulf regions in winter to the Subtropical High and the westerlies circulation in mid-high latitude in summer are analyzed, the physical processes are discussed. The results show that when the winter monsoon in East Asia and in North America is stronger(weaker), the Subtropical High and Ural and Okhotsk High will be weaker(stronger) in summer,which variations form a drought(flood )circulation pattern for the middle and the lower reaches of Changjiang River.关键词：WINTER, THE MID-LATITUDE,AIR-SEA INTERACTION, MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF CHANGJIANG RIVER, FLOOD AND DROUGHT
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper presents numerical modelling (on the spread, transport and ageing of the oil slick from an accidental oil spill in the center of Jiazhou Bay under NE,SW, SE and SW winds) showing that when wind speed is greater than 5m/s, winds exert greater effect than tides on the oil slick; and that if wind changas its direction from N to S during the time of the oil spill, the oil slick will spread to most parts of the east coast of Qingdao.关键词：OIL SLICK POLLUTION,JIAOZHOU BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：There are three basical vertical distribution patterns of suspended matter in seawater in the South Yellow Sea: even distribution with high concentration, positive gradient distribution and double gradient distribution. An important phenomenon in the seawater is the spring layer of suspended matter below the density layer where the concentration of suspended matter rapidly increases and forms the turbid water layer affecting greatly seawater physical parameters especially density. The density of seawater with suspended matter, called unit weight in situ of seawater, is a function of temerature, salinity, water depth and concentration of suspended matter, and can be calculated as density of seawater plus unit weight of noncombustibles in suspended matter.关键词：suspended matter,vertical distribution patterns,South Yellow Sea
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Southern Bohai Sea sediment types and redox environments were studied by using the new concepts of “Grain Size Label (GSL)”and“ Redox Degree (ROD)”.The GSL, the pure chemical standard, has advangag for studying sediment grain size. The ROD gives a quantitative classification to marine sediment redox environments. The main results were follows: The mud (silt clay ) is the first and silt is the second in surface sediments. but silt is the first and mud second in the 1.50m sediment layer. Reduction is the characteristic in the two layers sediments. The main oxidation regions centered between the estuary of the Luanhe River and the area west of Laotieshan.关键词：GRAIN SIZE LABEL (GSL),REDOX DEGREE (ROD), SEDIMENT ENVIRONMENTS,SOUTHERN BOHAI SEA
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The phase composition of the rust layer of carbon steel (A steel) in the various corrosion zones in marine environment was determined by M?ssbauer spectroscopy for the first time.The inner and outer layer rusts of A; steel in the same corrosion zone have similar composition. With the exception of seawater, apparently the layer of rust in the various corrosion zones basically consist of α-Fe3O4 (A) α- Fe3O4 (B), α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH and α-FeO. Moreover. the rusts in the splash zone and tidal zone play a part in the cathodic process, so the corrosion rate of carbon steel is greatly accelerated by the wet/dry cycles.关键词：Mὅssbauer spectroscopy,corrosion zone,RUST LAYERS FORMED ON CARBON STEEL
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Phlorotannins are polymers of phloroglucinol known only from brown algae with various bioactivities. Folin-Denis method was used to determine the contents of phlorotannins from some Chinese common brown seaweeds. The results showed that Sargassum was rich in phlorotannins, e.g. 2.8% (dry weight) for Sargassum kjellmanianum, 2.0 % (dry weight) for Sargassum fusiforme and can be good resource for phlorotannins extraction.关键词：QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF PHLOROTANNINS, BROWN SEAWEEDS
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Phlorotannins are polymers of phloroglucinol known only from brown algae with various bioactivities.But studies on biosynthesis pathway of phlorotannins have rarely been reported. Studies on the autoxidation process of phloroglucinol revealed that polymerization occurred during autoxidation and that the ultraviolet spectrum of polymers was similar to that of phlorotannins. High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis indicated that molecular weight distribution of polymers was diverse and similar to natural analogue.关键词：Phlorotannins,SYNTHESIS SIMULATION
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Laminaria japonica was collected from the coast of Qingdao from April to July,1995. Determination of the iodine contents of different parts in the same sample by an iodine ion-elective electrode showed that iodine was distributed throughout Laminaria japonica and could constitute 0.133%o of fresh weight. The iodine contents varied greatly within the same sample. The frond was richer in iodine than the stipe, especially in the top of frond, whose contents could reach 0.183% of fresh weight. This distribution characteristics relates to the plant metabolism. The more active metabolism some parts of Laminaria japonica have, the more iodine they accumulate.关键词：FRESH LAMINARIA JAPONICA,IODINE
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper reports results from cold shock and Cytochalasin B treatment experiments designed to induce triploidy in Chinese shrimp, P. orientalis, One of the most important commercial species in China. Three major factors influencing the rate of triploids and hatching were analysed respectively to seek for the most suitable treatment conditions. Ploidy was assessed by counting the number of polar bodies associated with early embryos and the number of chromosome in appendage-budding stage. Bect results were achicved with cold shock (at 4℃ for 30min administered 7 min after spawning) or with cytochalasin B at 0.25mg/L (administered 22 to 32 min after spawning ). The triploidy percentages were 70% by cold shock and 48% by cytochalasin B treatment. Orthogonal analysis indicated that hatching rates were affected significantly by duration and temperature (for treatment by cold shock) and by dosage and duration (for treatment with cytochalasin B).关键词：TRIPLOIDY INDUCTION,PENAEUS CHINENSIS
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The ecology of marine meiobenthos was studied in an organically polluted intertidal beach of the eastern part of Qingdao Bay from April 1991 to March 1992.Based on the characteristics of meiofauna and environmental factors (e.g. DO2, PH,Eh and sulfide in pore water or sediment), the whole beach can be divided into four ecological zones: (1) grossly polluted zone, (2)polluted zone, (3) semipolluted zone,and (4) transitory zone. Compared with former studies here, it can be concluded that the polluted area has been greatly reduced after the shut-down of the main sewage outfall. Free-living marine nematode is the predominant group of meiobenthos in this polluted environment. Its density ranges from 36.7 in /10cm2 to 10298.6 in./10 cm2, and its relative abundance reaches 98.41% all over the transect. Of all the 45 species of nematodes, Metoncholaimus moles is the predominant species. Its population and the total density of nematodes show a clear and seasonally steady distribution pattern along the pollution gradient. Because of the strong influence of season and sediment type, the diversity of nematode communities and the hotly argued N/C (the ratio of nematodes to copepods) cannot serve as a sensitive pollution indicator.Cluster analysis of nematode communities shows that the species composition of nematodes exhibits a clear and seasonally steady distribution pattern along the pollution gradient and is strongly influenced by the pollution impact, and that there is an apparent species composition difference between the polluted transect and the control transects. Because of the short life span of marine nematodes, the species composition of nematode communities (compared to macrofuana) is a more sensitive indicator of the real extent of pollution impact.关键词：MARINE BENTHOS,ORGANICALLY POLLUTED,INTERTIDAL BEACH,QINGDAO BAY,MEIOBENTHOS,POLLUTION ECOLOGY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper presents results of study on the species composition, distribution of biomass, density and communities of the macrobenthic infauna in Jiaozhou Bay using materials collected during May 1991-february 1994 at 10 stations. 200 species of macrobenthos were collected: Polychaeta 78 species; Crustacea 57 species; Mollusca 40 species; Echinodermata 11 species; and 14 other species. The average total biomass was 71.9g/㎡. The biomass of Polychaeta, Crustacea, Mollusca and Echinodermata were respectively 5.4 g/㎡, 2.9 g/㎡, 44.9 g/㎡ and 12.4 g/㎡. The average total density was 132.0 ind/㎡. The density of Polychaeta, Crustacea,Mollusca and Echinodermata were respectively 46.8 ind/㎡, 27.5 ind/㎡, 33.1 ind/㎡ and 6.3 ind /㎡. The biomass maximum (131.4 g/㎡ ) occured in spring, the minimum (33.8g/㎡ ) in winter. The biomass in autumn and summer was 72.1 g/㎡ and 42.1 g/㎡ respectively. The highest (148.6 ind/㎡) density occurred in summer, the lowest(86 ind /㎡) in autumn. The density in winter and spring was 136.2 ind/㎡ and 130.8 ind /㎡ respectively.关键词：Jiaozhou Bay,MACROBENTHIC INFAUNA
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Batch culture studies on the effects of triphenyltin chloride (TPTC) on photosynthesis, respiration, chlorophyll-a content and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content of Isochrysis galbana cells showed that low levels of triphenyltin (≤1.2 μg/L) promoted the respiration rate, increased chlorophyll-a content and decreased photosynthetic efficiency of chlorophyll-a. Exposed to 1.2 μg/L triphenyltin for 96 h, the cells decreased photosynthetic rate by 8%, increased respiration rate by 27%, increased chlorophyll-a content by 20% and decreased photosynthetic efficiency by 27%. Exposed to 2.4 μg/L triphenyltin for 96 h, the algal cells showed weakening in all of these physiological functions. Triphenyltin decreased the content of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the algal cells. Phosphorus content was the most severely decreased. Exposed to 2.4 μg/L triphenyltin for 96 h,the algal cells’ content of C, N and P decreased by 24%, 34% and 36 %, respectively.关键词：TRIPHENYLTIN CHLORIDE(TPTC),ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA CELLS
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Electron Transmission examination of the ultrastructure of Isochrysis galbana cells exposed to TPTC at half effective concentration (EC50) showed that the mitochondria was swollen,and that ridge was damaged. In the chloroplast, the thylakoids were piled up and the reticulate structure of the photosynthetic lamellae was damaged. The nuclear and vacuole membrane was partially damaged, the cytoplasm was vaculated. Cell membrane was folded and partially damaged.关键词：TRIPHENYLTIN CHLORIDE (TPTC),ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA CELLS
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Use of Isochrysis galbana, Nitzschia closterium, Platymonas sp, studies of the effects of TPTC on structural variation and biosuccessive process of marine microalgae community showed that the toxicity of TPTC to them was in the order of Isochrysis galbana, Platymonas sp. and Nitzschia closteriu and that their 96 h EC50 of exponential growth coefficients were 1.32, 4.55 and 6.21 μg/L, respectively. At concentration of 0.01-lμg/L, TPTC will accelerate the decline of Isochrysis galbana while promote Nitzschia closterium to become the dominant species. TPTC at 10μg/L will break down the microalgae community.关键词：TPTC,MARINE MICROALGAE COMMUNITY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Trawling surveys showed that the young Penaeus chinensis Shrimp in Jiaozhou Bay were congregated during July-august in its western part. August 1981-August 1994 water temperature, salinity, nutrient salt showed no distinctive changes in the ecological environment of Jiaozhou Bay.Where the decreasing number of young shrimp which is largely due to the enhanced catch capability that decreased parent shrimp density to 15-20 ind/k㎡, and other anthropogenic factors adversely larva and young shrimp growth, all of which have caused the average annual catch to be 14-335 ind/h only.关键词：Penaeus chinensis,Jiaozhou Bay
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The requirements of black sea bream, Sparus macrocephalus, for calcium, phosphorous, potassium, magnesium and manganese were studied using semi-purified diets and orthogonal design. Based on the fish weight gains, survival rates and the contents of the minerals in the fish liver, the proper contents of phosphorous and manganese in the fish diets are 0.99% and 60 mg/kg, respectively. Supplementation of calcium, potassium and magnesium in the diets is not necessary.关键词：Sparus macrocephalus,Ca,P,K,Mg,Mn,requirements
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The requirements of black sea bream, Sparus mucrocephalus, for iron, zinc,copper, cobalt and iodine were studied using semi-purified diets and orthogonal design.Based on the weight gains, mineral contents and the activities of cytochrome oxidase and carboxypeptidase in the fish liver, it is recommended that proper contents of copper, zinc, iron, cobalt and iodine in the diet are 2.50-10.00 mg/kg, 130 mg/kg,89.40 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 1.2 mg/kg, respectively.关键词：Sparus macrocephalus,Fe,Zn,Cu,Co,I,requirements
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Black sea bream, (Sparus macrocephalus), is a protandrous hermaphrodite. Raised from larvae to 2 years old, the fish were all males but at 3 years old, some sex reversals to females occurred. Attempts were made to induce sex reversal one year earlier than normal by hormone administration and manipulation of environmental factors. 18-month old and 2.5-year old fish treated by oral administration of diethylstilbestrol, combined with lighting, showed good results. After six months, 43% and 66% of the fish changed into female respectively. The control group of 2 year old were all males. Only 12.5% of the 3 year old group changed into females.关键词：Black sea bream,INDUCED SEX REVERSAL, induce sex reversal
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Factor analysis was used to extract the spatiotemporal patterns of the whole fish community from NED (ecological density in number) in the inter-decade period from 1982~1985 to 1992-1993.Analogous relationship between principal representative species and amalgamated stations for those distributions of NED has shown dynamic trends that led to the seasonal altemation.In the same period of different months, the more species occurred, the more the first principal representative species.Positive relation of species number to commonalty resulted in more diversity combinations in the spatial distribution. According to these patterns among the total species number and principal representative species as well as numerous intrusions into the specific stations, three sub-regions were defined in Laizhou Bay(from stations 23 to 30 ) Liaodong Bay(from stations 1, 3, 4, 6-9) as well as Bohai Bay and its middle part (from stations 10 to 23). Among the 30 stations in the Bohai Sea, there were 18 stations to be ascribed to the first principal components of NED spatial distribution from November to April, more than those in Autumn and no station appeared of every station to the whole months. The inter-decade data showed more species re-occurred in spring and Japanese achovies, Engraulis japonicas,has become predominant species under the prevailing fisheries ecological condition.关键词：fish community,spatiotemporal patterns
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The specimens collected from the East and South China Sea in 1975-1976, yielded three new species, the descriptions of which are as follows:关键词：Calliactis,East and South China Sea,three new species
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper deals with the lipid and vitamin requirements of fish larvae and the effects of these two nutrients on their growth and survival. This study showed that n-3 HUFA in lipid and vitamin C have important effects on growth and survival of fish larvae and that their feed must be supplemented with n-3 HUFA and vitamin C.关键词：NUTRITION RESEARCH,FISH LARVAE
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：About 80% of marine invertebrates have a planktonic larval stage during their life histories (Thorson, 1964). The most diverse types of larval in marine invertebrates are found within the Crustacea. The most basic type of larval development of crustaceans involves several stages: nauplius, zoea, postlarva (Sastry, 1983), followed by the juvenile and adult stage. Decapod crustaceans typically possess a planktonic larval stage in the life cycle. The duration of this stage may vary greatly among species. For example, the larval stage of penaeid shrimps and brachyuran crabs lasts for several weeks (Dall et al., 1990), but it can last for as long as 6-11 months in panulirid and scyllarid lobsters (Johnson, 1971).关键词：PLANKTONIC LARVAE,FACTORS AFFECTING,DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS,SETTLEMENT
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发布时间：2023-04-28
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