最新刊期
期 28 ， 1987
- 摘要：This paper deals with the organic pollution in Haihe esturine area during 1983--1985. The results show that this esturine area has been polluted by the discharge of untreated or partially treated municipal and industrial sewage from the city of Tianjin and the towns near the seacoast. The chief pollutants were COD， BOD5, TON, TOP and TOC etc, which exhibited marked regional and seasonal variations. In the inner estuary, the concentrations of .these pollutants were obviously higher than those of in the outer estuary, exceeding also the seawater quality standard. In August, when there were high runoffs, the contents of all organic pollutants in whole estuary were the highest. According to the results of investigation, we have computed two indices: index of water quality and index of sediment quality, and applied them to evaluate the environmental quality of the Haihe estuarine area. The results showed that the inner estuary was heavity polluted, the middle and less polluted area is in the Beitang estuary and the Dagu estuary, the outer estuary is not greatly affected by pollution. Measures for controlling the organic pollution in Haihe River estuary are suggested by the authors in the paper.关键词：ORGANIC POLLUTION, CONTROL, HAIHE ESTURINE AREA OF THE BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Principal component analysis of Landsat data obtained over the estuary area of the Haihe River-Yongdingxin River in the northwest of the Bohai Bay shows the different pollution gradations of the sea water. Principal component transformation of the organic pollution data measured in situ was also performed. The values of the first principal component were divided into three regions to show the different pollution gradations at these experimental sites. The results of the investigation show that the geographical distribution of the different pollution gradations obtained from remotely sensed data agrees with that from sea-truth measured data.关键词：DESCRIBING DIFFERENT POLLUTED GRADATION,LANDSAT DATA,ESTUARY AREA OF THE HAIHE RIVER IN THE BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Seeing that the observed vertical distribution of pollutant is not uniform, in this article a three-dimensional numerical model on the tidal current and the COD dispersion in the Haihe River mouth and Bohai Bay was develped based on Leendertse (1979). The horizontal and vertical distribution of tidal current and COD concentration computed on this model are all in agreement with observations. By this model the maximum allowable load of pollutant for that area (so called environmental capacity) was discussed. It was pointed out that, the yearly total of pollutant discharged into that area was never beyond the limit up to now, but there did occur pollution near-shore at the upper layer sometimes, the reason is that the pollutant discharge speed was extremely uneven in the course of a year, and that a considerable amount of wastewater suddenly came from a few sites in rainy season.关键词：THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL MODEL,COD DISPERSION,HAIHE RIVER MOUTH, BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper presents the results of studies on the determination of the contents of different states of nitrogen in the Haihe River estuary area in the Bohai Bay. Distributional patterns and the process of migration of different states of nitrogen are discussed. It is found that in the Yongdingxing River, organic N is fully resolved, oxidized, and converted into inorganic N (TON →NH4-N →NO2-N→NO3-N), while in the southern sewage discharge river, it is not so. The higher contents of inorganic nitrogen are found only in the nearshore areas. Different states of nitrogen show the same positive correlation with CB and other factors. In the Yongdingxing River, bacteria play a main role in the conversion of organic nitrogen. Due to the influence of sewage discharge, the NO3-N/PO4-P ratio in the nearshore estuary area is 34, in the offshore area, 5 and 6.关键词：NITROGEN MIGRATION,HAIHE RIVER MOUTH AREA OF THE BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper presents the distribution characteristics of the phosphorus in the Haihe River estuary of Bahai Bay The contents of inorganic-P, organic-P and total-P were determined and discussed. The content of phosphorus in the estuary was higher than that in offshore waters; seanonal variation of the former was obvious, and the latter was equable. There were positive correlations between the content of phosphorus and that of the other factors of organic pollution in the estuary.关键词：CHARACTERISTICS OF DISTRIBUTION,PHOSPHORUS,HAIHE RIVER ESTUARY OF THE BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper discusses the results of studies on the use of BOD5, COD and DO as indices of oxygen-consuming organic matter in measuring the BOD5, COD and DO content of the Haihe River estuary area in the Bohai Bay, and on their distributional patterns. The diurnal variation of COD content is related to salinity and water depth, but is mainly influenced by tidal effects. The BOD5/COD ratio is 79% in the Yongdingxing River, 160% in the southern sewage discharge river, 30% in the estuary. The biological and chemical degradation rate of oxygen-consuming organic matter in the Yongdingxing River and in the southern sewage discharge river is rather high. The selfpurification factor of BOD5 and COD in the Yongdingxing River is 0.163 and 0.038.关键词：DISTRIBUTION FEATURES ,OXYGEN-CONSUMING ORGANIC MATTER , HAIHE RIVER ESTUARY AREA OF THE BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Determination of the level of organochorined pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in seawater， organisms and sediment in Bohai Bay showed that the concentrations of total BHC, total DDT and PCBs. were in the range of 55.25-328.25 ng/L, 1.28-6.17 ng/L and 3.50--6.70 ng/L in seawater; 5.58-36.24 ng/g， 0.27-3.15 ng/g and 2.17-8.80 ng/g in sediments; and 14.43-69.51 ng/g, 1.80-3.70 ng/g and 4.30-8.80 ng/g in organisms, Arca subcrenata Lischke, respectively. . Investigation of the distribution features of DDT, BHC and PCBs in seawater, sediments. and organisms in Bohai Bay showed that pollution of DDT, BHC and PCBs. were not serious.关键词：ORGANOCHLORINED PESTICIDES,POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS,BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：In this paper, the concentration distribution laws of the organic C (TOC), organic nitrogen (TON), phosphorus (TP), humic acid (HA), sulphide (S), ignition loss (IL) and anionic surfactants (AS) in sediments in Haihe Estuary and their environmental characterization were discussed. The average concentration values of each component in the region of Dagu sewage outfall are the highest, but the concentrations in the outlet section of Yongdingxin River are in about the same level as that in inshore area by comparing the three region of the estuary. However,. the concentration levels of organic components in this estuary are not any higher as compared with that in some bays in Japan. This may be attributed to the lower background value and higher silt discharges. The background concentration in the sea area of this region were esti-mated to be TOC-0.7%, N一0.08%, TP一一0.06% on the basis of the regional history data. The regional distribution patterns of organic components shows the main sources of organic pollution in inshore estuary sediments are Dagu and Beitang outfalls, and the pollution in Dagu. is stronger than in Beitang. The high current velocity in river is the primal factor that makes the concentrations of the pollutants lower in the sediments of Yongdingxin River. The pollutants enriched in suspensates are carried to Beitang estuary to settle. The decay rates K of the components TOC, TON and HA in the sediments of outfall section are approximately the same 0.029, 0.04 and 0.031, respectively. There exists distinct positive correlation between the concentration of AS and TOC, HA, S, TP as well as TON, but the relation between AS and IL is not clear. It is possible to use the AS correlation analyses to identify the sources of some components and their relation with the sewage.关键词：ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY CHARACTERIZATION,ORGANIC COMPONENTS,SEDIMENTS,HAIHE RIVER ESTUARY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：A simple and rapid analytical method was developed for the determination of the anionic surfactants (AS) in the study of environmental geochemistry of the estuary. The sediments were analysed by the extraction-spectrophotometry with ethyl violet and the indirect atomic absorption methods, the sea-water was analysed by indirect atomic absorption method. In estuary water the AS are less stable and enriched in the particles, but stable in sediments. The average concentration of AS in inner Beitang and Dagu outfalls is 20--150 times more than that in the inshore area. The heighest value is about 2 mg/L. The regional distribution patterns of AS in surficial sea-water and surficial sediments reflect that Dagu and Beitang outfalls are its main contributors. And the pollution in Dagu outfall is stronger than that in Beitang. It also reflects the transport- sedimentary trend of the suspended pollutants. In water, the correlation between concentrations of AS and the salinity, the diversity of phytoplankton is negative, while that between concentrations of AS and COD, BOD, nitrogen, phosphorus, coliform bacteria as well as chlorophyll-a is positive. In sediments, the correlation between the concentrations of AS and organic C, humic acid, sulphide, phosphorus as well as nitrogen is distinctively positive. However, the relation between AS and ignition loss is not clear. Thus, it is possible that the AS can be used as a indicator of organic pollution in estuary and as a tracer of the sewage and suspensate. The daily variation of AS shows that the average concentration is lower and the variation range is less in the farther station and that the concentration of AS in botton water is higher than that in surface water. It suggests that the AS is richer in the particles in water and its transport capability is lower than COD. The vertical distribution of AS in the core samples of sediments reflects the history of pollution, it can be used to estimate the rate of sedimentation.关键词：ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY,ANIONIC SURFACTANT,HAIHE RIVER ESTUARY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The abundance and the population composition of marine heterotrophic bacteria. in the organically polluted waters off the Haihe River mouth were investigated and studied. It has been found that the density of heterotrophic bacteria on the surface water of the debouch is higher, generally over 105-106 Ind/mL in the estuary affected by tides and averaging to 103 Ind/mL in the beachy sea outside the debouch. The quantitative distribution of terrigenous freshwater bacteria shows remarkable seasonal difference under the direct control of run-offs. Evaluation of 99 strains of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from the beachy sea outside the debouch shows that the number of Gram-positive bacteria is grater than that of the Gram-negative, the dominant species are terrigenous Micrococcus and Bacillus of Gramlpositive bacteria and Alcaligenes of Gram-negative bacteria. From both:the quantitative distribution characteristics of the heterotrophic bacteria and its compositional features, we may well conclude that the heterotrophic bacteria in organically polluted sea area of river mouth are mainly of terrigenous freshowater types.关键词：MARINE HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA DISTRIBUTION,POPULATION COMPOSITION OVER,ORGANICALLY POLLUTED WATERS,HAIHE RIVER MOUTH
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：By the worksite investigation over Haihe River mouth it has been discovered that the coliform bacteria have the same distributional feature as that of organic pollution, i.e. the distributional density (or concentration) over the estuary effected by tides is obviously greater than that on the paralic sea outside the river mouth and during the flooding season it is manifestly higher than in ordinary and dry seasons. They came not only from the same source, but also with similar regulation of their changes and migration. Further analysis shows that the quantitative distribution of coliform bacteria vary positively with the variation of content of the main organic pollutants. Therefore it is feasible to use quantitative distribution of coliform bacteria as a pollution indicator organism.关键词：COLIFORM BACTERI,ORGANIC POLLUTION,ESTUARY OF HAIHE RIVER,QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：A study was carried out in 1983-1985 on the relationship between phytoplankton (species diversity index, standing crop and primary production) ecological changes and organic pollution in the Haihe estuarine area. The materials for this study were collected in May, August and October, (presenting the periods of minimum, maximum and average river runoff, respectively) from a total of 29 stations, 6 of which were located in Yongdingxin River influenced by tide and in the mouth of wastewater river. A total of 60 species of phytoplankton were found in the investigated area. The ccotype were essentiality eurytopic species and neritic. The distribution of phytoplankton exhibits marked regional and seasonal variations. The species diversity values, the standing crop of phytoplankton and primary production were much higher in the outer estuary than in the inner estuary, and showed marked increase from inner estuary towards the outer estuary. The highest values often occur in the area where fresh-sewage water and seawater mix with each other. The total number of phytoplankton cell were greater in October and smaller in August. And chlorophyll-a contents were greater in August and smaller in October. Environmental factors which affect phytoplankton ecological changes of the Haihe estuarine area are referred to as light intensity, nutrients concentration, temperature, salinity, turbidity and other factors. Although it is difficult to determine the relative importance of individual factors, sewage-related pollution appears to have played a major role in bringing about the ecological changes of the Haihe esturine phytoplankton. In the polluted inner estuary and near senage outfall sites, net phytoplankton diversity valaes were significantly reduced, and the cell density and primary production were significantly lower, too. A negative correlation exists between the diversity values, cell density and COD, BOD5, TON, TOP and TOC concentration. Chlorophyll-a has no significant positivity correlated with these pollutants. Obviously, the decrease in the diversity values and the number of phytoplankton cell in inner estuary are due to the influences of organic pollution. However, this effect is rather small in the outer estuary, occurring only in August.关键词：PHYTOPLANKTON KINETlCS ,HAIHE ESTUARINE AREA, ORGANIC POLLUTION
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：The effects of terrestical pollution on zooplankton are analyzed for the Bohai Bay and the estuary areas of rivers along Tanggu coast (1979-1980). The main results are as follows: 1. There are no distinct effects observed on marine zooplankton in the offshore waters of the Bohai Bay. And the marine zooplanktion maintains a normal ecological balance. 2. The animal plankton distribution in the nearshore areas close to the mouths of rivers shows some abnormal phenomena in its species composition and quantitative distribution. 3. The pollution has harmed the organisms and reduced them in both species and number of individuals within the debouchments of the rivers. It is clear that the contents of heavy metals and organic materials in the samples of water, surface sediments and planktonic organisms are decreased with the seaward flowing of polluted water, So the estuary process has played an important role in purification of the waters. According to the ecological features of the zooplankton, the area investigated covering the estuaries to the sea may be classified into four different zones: (1) heavily polluted zone；(2) slightly polluted zone; (3) trace pollution zone and (4) purified zone.关键词：TERRIGENOUS POLLUTION,ZOOPLANKTON,BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Avoidance reactions of Mugil so-iny, Lateolabrax japonicus,Tilapia mossambica and Penaeus Orientalis to sewage and some of its constituents. were investigated using channeled avoidance trough. The results suggest that organism avoided markedly mixed sewage (industrial waste water and domestic sewage). Avoidance indexes of organisms to three organic pollutants were shown in table 1. The results showed that avoidance indexes of estuarine organisms to three organic pollutants were significant. However, the avoidance reaction of the fish was more sensitive than that of the crustacean.关键词：AVOIDANCE REACTIONS,ESTUARINE ORGANISMS,SEWAGE FROM TIANJIN
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Studies were carried out to determine the toxicity of industrial and sewage wastes from Tianjin dumpsite and of some individual toxic compounds present in them to fish and Chinese shrimp. The results were shown as in table 1 & 2。关键词：TOXICITY,SEWAGE WASTE,TIANJIN
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：This paper summarizes the results of four years of investigation on the ecological effects of sewage discharge and its pollutants such as organic loading, petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons and toxic metals on marine organisms and fishery resources in Bohai Bay. The results showed that the structure and function of organism communities in the bay were essentially stable. No great difference in the species composition and the avarage quantities of various population (Microbe, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, Fish eggs and Juneniles, Benthos) from that in 1958-1959 were found. However, ecological modification has appeared in some areas contaminated by the municipal and industrial sewage from the Tianjin city and towns near the seacoast. The changes including the increase of concentrations of metals, DDT and 666 in organisms and the decrease in diversity values and abundance of some populations seem mainly limited to the estuarine area, where rather high mortality appeared occasionally of mollusca, shellfish as well as fish. Catch statistics of commercially valuable species in estuarine waters reveal that changes in abundance are directly attibutable to pollution. Results show that the estuary was affected by pollution.关键词：ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS,POLLUTION,BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28 - 摘要：Sea water suspended matter, sediment, interstitial water and biological samples in Bohai Bay have been analyzed for Hg, Co, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As, U, Ni, etc in 1978一1981.关键词：DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSFER, HEAVY METALLIC,ELEMENTS,BOHAI BAY
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发布时间：2023-04-28
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