The vertical distributions of inorganic carbon parameters (pH, Total Alkalinity(TA), Dissolved Inorganic Carbon(DIC) and ratio of DIC/TAlk) and organic carbon parameters (Dissolved Organic Carbon(DOC) and Particulate Organic Carbon(POC)) in the main Kuroshio region near the eastern Taiwan Island were investigated during spring and fall, 2014. The major results were as follows: In spring 2014, waters in the main Kuroshio region near the eastern Taiwan Island could be divided into four types such as the Kuroshio Surface Water(KSW), the Kuroshio Tropical Water(KTW), the Kuroshio Intermediate Water(KIW) and the Kuroshio Deep Water(KDW), the boundaries separating each two adjacent water types located on 30~50m, 300~400m and 800~1000m, respectively. The average DIC, DOC and POC concentrations of Kuroshio waters in spring were 2078.1 μmol/kg，98.59 μmol/L and 1.62 μmol/L, respectively. Generally, TAlk, DIC and DIC/TAlk ratio increased and pH decreased with the increasing water depth in Kuroshio main stream; DOC and POC had high values above 200m water depth, then dropped back to relatively low and stable values below 200m. Carbon distribution in KSW was effected by multiple processes, such as primary production, bacterial decomposition, air-sea exchanges and terrestrial inputs; in KTW and KIW, the impact of phytoplankton production decreased, and the degradation of organic matters had important influence on the carbon system in this layer; in KIW and KDW, degradation of organic matters had almost finished, and the distribution of carbon was controlled by dissolution of CaCO3 and lateral transportation of shelf slope sediments. All parameters in Kuroshio Upwelling Water(KUW) were effected by upwelled deeper water, which maintained high CO2 and nutrients levels. In fall 2014, waters in the main Kuroshio region near the eastern Taiwan Island could still be divided into KSW, KTW, KIW and KDW, the boundaries between each two adjacent water types located on 75~100m, 300~500m and 800~1000m, respectively. The average DIC, DOC and POC concentrations of Kuroshio waters in fall were 2078.7 μmol/kg，92.36 μmol/L and 1.93 μmol/L, respectively. Generally, the distributions of all hydrographic and carbon parameters followed the same trends as they were in spring, and they were also influenced by similar processes as in spring. The values of carbon parameters in fall were slightly different from they were spring; the potential causes of these differences could be the lower phytoplankton production and lower bacterial production in fall. The DIC and DIC/TAlk levels in fall were similar with they were in spring, but the pH and TAlk in fall were higher, indicated a higher ratio of [CO32-] /[ HCO3-] in the main Kuroshio region near the eastern Taiwan Island in fall.