Marine-derived Streptomyces were the chief source of the bioactive marine natural products (MNPs) from marine microbial origin owing to their unique physiological and metabolic functions. According to statistic results for MNPs from 2010 to 2013, marine-derived Streptomyces attributed to 60% MNPs sourced from marine-derived actinobacteria. This paper reviews the sources, structures and bioactivities of the 547 new MNPs of Streptomyces origin in 40 years from 1976 to June 2016. These MNPs have diverse structures including alkaloids, polyketides, sterols and terpenoids, and so on. Nitrogen compounds are the major structural types making up 61% MNPs from Streptomyces. And 67% MNPs sourced from Streptomyces showed bioactivities such as cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, antimalaric and insecticidal activity.