The present paper presents the results of a taxonomic and ecological study of the Acantharia of the northern South China Sea. Specimens were collected by means of plankton net in May 1959 (0一200 m, 38 samples) and January, February 1960 (0一20 m, 22+33 samples) from the northern ,South China Sea. Forty-three species were identified (see Table I), of which 8 species belonging to 7 genera .and 5 families are recorded for the first time from Chinese waters. They are Acanthochiasma rubescens Krohn, Acanthostaurus nordgaardi J?rgensen, Astrolithium bulbiferum Haeckel. Dictyacantha tabulata (Haeckel) (?), Dictyacantha tetragonopa (Haeckel), Gigartacon fragilis Haeckel, Heteracon biformis (Popofsky), Heliolithium aureum Schewiakoff. Description of these species is given in the Chinese text.