This paper discusses the distributions and the removal processes of NO3-N, NO2-N，NH4-N,∑N (total inorganic nitrogen) and PO4-P in the surface water of Changjiang (Yangtze) River downstream and its estuary in October, 1983. The distributions of NO3-N, NO2-N and . ∑N show the similar trend of distribution in Changjiang River downstream water. The concentrations of them are higher in Changjiang River mouth water than in other regions of Changjiang River. The NO3-N concentration in river mouth water is close to 900 μg/L, which is 4 times higher than in 1963, and much higher than the world-wide average concentration in the river water. This increased NO3-N is mainly due to the effect of the sewages drained from the cities and countryside along the river. The distribution of PO4-P in river water is uniform except in river mouth, where higher PO4-P concentration was found. The average concentration of PO4-P in river water is 24.8 μg/L