This study is based on material collected by the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, from the vast continental shelf region of our seas covering the period from 1954-1981. Ten species of Cymothoidae belonging to 6 genera were identified and are described here. Seven species marked with an asterisk (*) are recorded for the first time from Chinese Waters: *1. Anilocra alloceraea Koelbel, 1878 2. Ceratothoa oxyrrhynchaena Koelbel, 1879 *3. Ceratothoa imbricate (Fabricius, 1775) *4. Cymothoa eremita (Brünnich, 1783) *5. Cymothoa pulchra (Lanchester, 1902) *6. Mothocya renardi (Bleeker, 1857) 7. Nerocila phaiopleura Bleeker, 1857 *8. Nerocila japonica Schiodte et Meinert, 1881 9. Nercila sundaica Bleeker, 1857 *10. Norileca indica (H.Milne-Edwards, 1840)