最新刊期
期 52 ， 2017
- 摘要：With the development of science and technology, marine sciences research in China has been progressed from the exploration of shallow waters to the deep sea. This has led to new discoveries and in turn, new perceptions. Since April 2014, several deep-sea areas were investigated by Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS). These areas include the hydrothermal vents in Okinawa Trough and Manus Back-Arc Basin, the cold seep in South China Sea, and Yap Seamount in the western Pacific. During these surveys, numerous gastropod specimens were sampled by the mechanical arm of ROV FAXIAN (Mother ship:KEXUE), and many of them were classified as new taxa. In this paper, 13 species belonging to 11 genera from the samples collected during these surveys are described and illustrated. A review on gastropod biodiversity research in the hydrothermal vent, cold seep, and seamount are presented. The results can provide important basic data for studying the biodiversity and zoogeography of deep-sea organisms.关键词：Gastropoda;hydrothermal vent;cold seep;seamount;prospect;from shallow water to deep sea
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：Miraciidae Dana, 1846 is the second largest family in the Order Harpacticoida. Miraciids are common inhabitants of the marine benthos, and can be found in different types of sediments. Five species belonging to five genera were recognized morphologically, based on specimens obtained from the Jiaozhou Bay in the year 2008. Willenstenhelia thalia Karanovic & Kim K., 2014 was first reported in China. A key to species of the family Miraciidae in Jiaozhou Bay was also given in the paper.关键词：Miraciidae;Harpacticoida;Jiaozhou Bay
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：In addition to living organisms, there are a lot of non-living particles in seawater. These non-living particles include classical particles (referred to as particles without special definition) with a fixed shape and new particles (referred to as aggregates) without a fixed shape. When a new particle is extracted from seawater, the water inside the particle drains and the particle collapses. New particles are divided into macroaggregates, microaggregates, and submicron particles according to their size. These particles form a habitat that is different from pure seawater. Different organisms inhabit the surface and the space between these particles with greater abundance than those found in seawater. The role of marine pelagic microbial food web organisms in the formation, transformation, and sedimentation of particles is reviewed in this paper. Bacteria and microzooplankton help form aggregates, while microzooplankton produce miniparticles through defecation. Bacteria inhabit particles to use organic carbon. Cyanobacteria adhere to these particles. With an increase in the volume of particles, some cyanobacteria are packaged into them. Microzooplankton are attracted to particles for grazing. These organisms could help particles grow by adhering to them and, simultaneously, diminish the size of the particle (or even break it apart) by converting the POC into DOC and the grazing effect. Although organisms in the microbial food web are too small to sediment quickly, they could significantly contribute to the carbon flux to the deep sea possibly through interaction with particles.关键词：Microbial food web;Marine particle;Sedimentation;Carbon flux
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发布时间：2023-07-07 -
Studies on Phytoplankton Dynamics during Metabolism and Decomposition of Jellyfish Nemopilema nomura
摘要：We studied the bottom-up regulation of phytoplankton by jellyfish during respiration and decomposition. Results suggested that, in 24 hours, seawater acidification and hypoxia occurred during the respiration of Nemopilema nomurai. Meanwhile, inorganic nutrients regenerated by N. nomurai substantially increased the seawater concentrations of DIN (NH4+-N and NOx-N) and DIP (PO43--P); this led to an increase in chlorophyll a concentration. The decomposition of N. nomurai resulted in significant oxygen deficiency and acidification of the seawater, and this became more severe when the biomass of N. nomurai was increased. Numerous inorganic nutrients were released into the seawater; the structures of inorganic nutrients changed significantly, and dinoflagellates and chlorophyta bloomed.关键词：Nemopilema nomura;Metabolism;Decomposition;Phytoplankton;Dynamics- 1660
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：The frequent, massive summer mortalities of sea cucumbers have caused considerable economic losses and resulted in a serious decline in resources, which in turn has restricted the sustainable development of the industry of sea cucumber. This study analyzed the causes of the massive summer mortality of sea cucumbers considering environmental factors (including high temperature, low dissolved oxygen, low salinity, sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, and decayed algae), germplasm, pathogen, and anthropic factors. Based on that the analysis results, we proposed the concepts of "construction engineering", "farming mechanization", "monitoring automation" and "intelligent management". In addition, for ensuring the health of sea cucumber in summer, a series of corresponding strategies have to be implemented:for example, stress-resistant seed cultivation, sediment and water quality investigation, development of a comprehensive breeding system and risk pre-warning system, and improvement of an emergency plan and modern breeding technology.关键词：summer high temperature;low dissolved oxygen;sea cucumber;massive mortality
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：In this study, from a eutrophic lake we enriched and separated photosynthetic bacteria, which can consume sewage as well as initiate extracellular electron transfer and thereby produce electricity. We isolated and purified photosynthetic bacteria from improved enriched media and isolated media and identified them using morphological and molecular methods. We used the national standard method and spectrophotometry to determine the chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphate. To detect the electricity production of the photosynthetic bacteria, we used an electrochemical workstation. Our results show that the photosynthetic bacteria strain DH-3 has high similarity with Rhodobacter sphaeroides. We found the removal rates of COD, TN, and TP to decrease in the wastewater medium. The electrochemical workstation detected that strain DH-3 produced maximum electricity at 7.5 mA/m2 and maximum power at 0.056 W/m2. Our results indicate that strain DH-3 has potential application in future wastewater treatment and resource recovery technologies.关键词：Photosynthetic bacteria;Electricity production;Chemical Oxygen Deman;Sewage treatment;Organic matter degradation
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：Natural polysaccharides made predominantly of sulfated α-L-fucose residues are known as fucoidan. They are present in brown algae and in some marine invertebrates. The amount of fucoidan in brown algae varies from 20% in Fucus to 2% in Laminaria. Fucoidan, over the past few years, has attracted steady attention as a readily accessible biopolymer possessing diverse biological activity. Algal fucoidans have much more complex and heterogeneous structures devoid of regularity. It is noteworthy that fucoidans isolated from species belonging to different orders of brown algae differed in the structure of their main chain that was built of either 3-substituted or alternating 3-and 4-substituted α-L-fucose residues. Algal fucoidans are mainly composed of sulfated fucose. As the type of their glycosidic bond and sulfate group distribution are still under debate, their molecular structure remains to be strongly established. Fucoidan displays diverse biological activity with potential medicinal value, such as being an anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, contraceptive, antiviral, and antioxidant. This review discusses the different extraction methods, purification methods, the structural features, and activities of fucoidan.关键词：Fucoidan;structure;biological activity
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：In this paper, we investigate the effects of foliar spraying of seaweed extract on the growth, yield and quality of rape and Chinese chive that had been cultivated in a greenhouse. The results show that seaweed extract can promote the growth, yield, and quality of rape and Chinese chive. Of the treatments, seaweed extract diluted 200 and 400 times exhibited the best promotions of the growth, yield, and quality of rape and Chinese chive with significant increases in the photosynthetic pigment, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and Vc values.关键词：Seaweed extract;Rape;Chinese chive;Growth;Yiel;Quality
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：Phycocyanin is one of the main active compounds present in cyanobacteria. It has multiple functions, such as scavenging oxygen free radicals, and it has anti-aging and anti-allergy properties that are manifested in combination with a variety of amino acids. In order to study the feasibility of using phycocyanin in the cosmetics industry, we consider the New Zealand rabbits as the model animal and conduct experiments such as light toxicity, acute dermal toxicity, and skin allergy tests to verify its toxic effects on the skin of the rabbit. The results show no obvious toxicity and no allergic reactions to the skin of the rabbits. These results provide a reference for the application of phycocyanin in the fields of cosmetology and makeup.关键词：phycocyanin;antioxidant;light toxicity;acute percutaneous toxicity;skin allergy;cosmetics
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：Harbor experiments were conducted for the first time at home and abroad for commercial hot-dip galvanized chains for nearly four years; and the development process of corrosion and biofouling were recorded accordingly. Tests were carried out in July 2013, July 2014, July 2015, and July 2016, respectively. The anchor chains were taken out of the sea water, and the organisms attached to the anchor chains were scraped, classified, identified, and weighed. Then the anchor surfaces were cleaned to check the rust. Finally, the thicknesses of the zinc layers present on the chain surfaces were measured. The whole process was photographed. The results of harbor tests show that the bare steel underwent severe corrosion, and the rust layer was approximately 2~3 mm thick. The corrosion product fell off even upon touching slightly. Corrosion pits of different sizes were observed, with the maximum pit depth being approximately 3 mm. The hot-dip galvanized chain did not show apparent corrosion, and that the corrosion rate of the zinc layer was approximately 10 μm/a in the atmosphere and 20~70 μm/a in the seawater. However, abrasion was observed at the junction of the two chain rings; the corrosion-resistance of the anchor chains in the atmosphere is higher than those in the sea water. The number of fouling organisms present on the surface of the hot-dip galvanized chain was less than that on the non-dip galvanized anchor chains, and the number of fouling organisms on the hot-dip zinc chain increased year by year. The dominant organisms were ascidians, bryozoans, mussels, oysters, and ulva sp., and southern fouling species, such as the Perna viridis was present. The weight of fouling organisms per unit area on the anchor chain was 1257.6 g/m2, 1454.6 g/m2, and 21304.0 g/m2 in 2013~2014, 2014~2015, and 2015~2016, respectively. The increase in the weight of the fouling organisms led to a great increase in the degree of abrasion; this creates a hidden danger of anchor corrosion. This study provided valuable scientific basis for the design and application of marine engineering.关键词：hot-dip galvanize;Anchor chain;corrosion;Harbor experiment;Jiaozhou Bay
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：In this paper, a hot-dip zinc specimen of CM series steel was used as the test material. First, for the accelerated salt spray corrosion test, the hot-dip zinc was sprayed with a 5% NaCl solution at a constant temperature of 35℃ and photographs were clicked to record the state of the surface. Next, an electrochemical polarization test was performed in a seawater electrolyte, and the zinc coating was observed using SEM to investigate the corrosion mechanism. In addition, the morphology of the hot-dip zinc material was observed using a three-dimensional digital microscope and a further electrochemical polarization experiment was performed in an anaerobic bacterial environment. The results of the accelerated salt spray test indicated that the corrosion rate decreased with an increase in time; this occurred mainly because the corrosion product film inhibited the corrosion anode and cathode processes (passivation platform). Experiments under anaerobic conditions showed that the passivation platform was formed when the bacteria grew to their peak. This was mainly due to the formation of dense ZnS corrosion products on the electrode surface as these products formed a continuous and complete corrosion product film. Hot-dipped zinc products containing 99.99% pure zinc as the raw material show high corrosion resistance in the marine environment because of the protection of the corrosion products and the zinc-iron alloy layer. The salt spray and electrochemical polarization tests can be used as quick methods to evaluate the corrosion resistance of zinc coatings.关键词：hot-dip galvanize;corrosion;electrochemical experiments
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：In this paper, articles published in marine research from major countries and regions of "the Belt and Road" were comprehensively analyzed by bibliometric methods. The scientific research competitiveness and international cooperation of China with other countries and regions of "the Belt and Road" was also studied. The results in this paper might provide useful information for further research and strategies in China.关键词：the Belt and Roa;marine research;nternational co-operation;competitive strength
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发布时间：2023-07-07 - 摘要：Marine scientific research is highly valued as an important research field in China and scientific journals are important conveyors of research findings that play an important role in scientific communication and exchange. In this paper, we investigate a selection of 10 major Chinese journals of oceanography. Based on a series of evaluation indicators, including the number of articles published, the citation frequency, the aging rate of the journal, the overall performance of the comprehensive index, and the journal rankings and influence scores in the subject, we used statistical data from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD) to analyze the performance of each periodical in detail to develop a better understanding of the current status of marine academic journals in China, and thereby provide more objective data to enhance the future influence of these journals. The results showed that Acta Oceanologica Sinica, Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, Marine Geology, and Quaternary Geology and Marine Science ranked as top indicators and excellent representative journals in this field. However, there are a number of deficiencies to address, including the overall slow development of the journals, the considerable fluctuation of the impact factor, and the immediacy index. Thus, marine journals in China, as well as the entire range of China's professional journals, must overcome the constraints of the existing scientific research system, improve the quality of publications to ensure high quality papers, and facilitate China's marine publications to reach international-level standards in the near future.关键词：Journal of oceanography;academic influence;evaluation indicators
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发布时间：2023-07-07
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