The present report is a part of the results of our. investigation on the Pelagic polychaetes of the South China Sea. Specimens were collected by the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica and Institute of Oceanology,Acade mia Sinica with plankton net in March to June 1975 from the Xisha Islands 一一-a group of South China Sea coral islands located about 170 miles southeast from Yulingkang of the Hainan Island. Twelve species were identified belonging to 8 genera in 4.families, of which 9 species (with asterisk) are recorded for the first time f'rom Chinese waters.