Results of analysis of trawlnet data from 1956 to 1989, from marine fishing companies for studies on the characteristics and successions of structure and proper utilization of fishery resources in the China Sea are presented in this paper. There are abundant fisheries resources, varied species and complex district composition in the China Seas. Among the 39 species of main coastal fishery resources,warm-water element accounts for 69.2%,The second is warm-temperature element, accounts for 23.1% and 9 species. Cold-temperature element has the least species, only 3 and their proportion is 7.7%. In the China Seas, resources of single species are not abundant, the distribution of major dominant species has regional property, so they are relatively independent,but utilization of them is inrarional.Most benthic species are over exploited, except for some shrumps, crabs, pelagic fishes and cephalopods still have certain potentiality. In the past 40 years, the dominant species of fishery resources are replaced frequently, changes of their structure are manifest. The trend of successions was as follows:with the passage of time,the proportion of bottomfish resources declined yearly; on the contrary, shrumps, crabs and pelagic fishes, increased day by day and became smaller, younger and inferior.