This paper outlines the characteristics of the natural environment in the coastal area of Fujian Province, the habitats, and condition of the resources of Coelomactra antiquata, and the main factor that caused the decline of this resource. It is suggested that concrete measures,such as setting up management orgenizations, relevent laws for the protection of this resource, strict implementation of a licensing system for exploiting this resource, banning its collection at certain time, etc. be taken to arrest or reverse the present declining trend of this resource.